REFORMASI ROYALTI MUSIK DAN LAGU DI ERA DIGITAL: TRANSFORMASI PERATURAN PEMERINTAH NOMOR 56 TAHUN 2021 MENUJU SISTEM ADIL BERBASIS BLOCKCHAIN, KEADILAN ADAPTIF, DAN KEARIFAN LOKAL

Authors

  • Indra Jaya Universitas Mpu Tantular Jakarta, Indonesia
  • Shinta Maharani Universitas Mpu Tantular Jakarta, Indonesia
  • Jopie Tommy Rompas Universitas Mpu Tantular Jakarta, Indonesia
  • Selvira Paulina Ananda Universitas Mpu Tantular Jakarta, Indonesia
  • Appe Hutauruk Universitas Mpu Tantular Jakarta, Indonesia
  • Taufik Maulana Universitas Mpu Tantular Jakarta, Indonesia
  • Robert L Simanungkalit Universitas Mpu Tantular Jakarta, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.51826/perahu.v13i2.1678

Keywords:

Digital Economy, Copyright, Artificial Intelligence, Local Wisdom, Music Royalties

Abstract

The implementation of Government Regulation No. 56 of 2021 (PP 56/2021) concerning the Management of Song and/or Music Copyright Royalties, which was introduced as a government effort to modernize economic rights protection in the digital era through the National Collective Management Institute (LMKN), has sparked significant controversy, particularly for micro, small, and medium enterprises (UMKM) and non-commercial public services. Through a normative legal approach, the analysis shows that this regulation goes beyond the delegation of Law No. 28 of 2014 concerning Copyright by expanding the objects of collection, blurring the boundaries between commercial and non-commercial use, and creating legal uncertainty and sociological injustice. In response, this study not only critiques but also offers a reformulation of the music royalty system within the framework of PP 56/2021. This study proposes a reformulation of the royalty system through three main pillars: (1) the application of the concept of "fair use" to create adaptive justice for UMKM; (2) modernization of the system using blockchain technology and AI for transparency and distribution efficiency; and (3) integration of mechanisms for protecting regional music as a cultural heritage. The vision of this reformulation is to create a fair, transparent, and sustainable royalty ecosystem that balances the economic rights of creators, the growth of UMKM, technological innovation, and cultural preservation.

References

Aditya, Bonggan, and Mohammad Muttaqin. “BRODUT: Adaptasi Musik Dangdut Dalam Kesenian Kubro Siswo Di Dusun Gunung Lemah Kabupaten Magelang.” Ranah Research : Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Development 7, no. 6 (August 4, 2025): 4106–18. https://doi.org/10.38035/rrj.v7i6.1728.

Hafiz, M, W H Berliana, R Ramadhani, and A H U Ananta. “Mekanisme Pengelolaan Hak Royalti Musik Oleh LMK & LMKN Ditinjau Dari Peraturan Pemerintah No 56 Tahun 2021 Tentang Pengelolaan Royalti Hak Cipta Lagu Dan/Atau Musik.” Padjadjaran Law Review 9, no. 1 (2021): 516938.

Hayati, Dina. “Penerapan Royalti Di Bidang Musik Dan Lagu Terhadap Era Digital.” Sosial Humaniora Sigli 7, no. 1 (2024): 256–65. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.47647/jsh.v7i1.2251.

House of Representatives United States of America. “H.R.789 - Fairness in Musical Licensing Act of 1997.” Washington, D.C: www.congress.gov, 1998. https://www.congress.gov/bill/105th-congress/house-bill/789.

Indonesia, Kadin. “UMKM Indonesia.” kadin.id, 2025. https://kadin.id/data-dan-statistik/umkm-indonesia/.

Iswahyudi, Fauzi. “Konstitusionalitas Masa Perlindungan Hak Cipta Dalam Perspektif Prinsip Deklaratif.” Grondwet 1, no. 2 (July 13, 2022). https://ejournal.grondwet.id/index.php/gr/article/view/11.

Kristanto, Kiki, Nurjamil, I Kadek Noppi Adi Jaya, and Joanita Jalianery. Transformasi Hukum Dalam Era Revolusi Teknologi Blockhain. PT Media Penerbit Indonesia, 2024.

Lembaga Manajemen Kolektif Nasional. “Distribusi LMKN.” Lembaga Manajemen Kolektif Nasional, 2025. https://www.lmkn.id/distribusi/.

Martam, Nurmin K. “Tinjauan Yuridis Tentang Rechtvinding (Pemenuhan Hukum) Dalam Hukum Perdata Indonesia.” Gorontalo Law Review 1, no. 1 (April 23, 2018): 77. https://doi.org/10.32662/golrev.v1i1.99.

Munawar, Zen, Novianti Indah Putri, Iswanto Iswanto, and Dandun Widhiantoro. “Analisis Keamanan Pada Teknologi Blockchain.” Infotronik : Jurnal Teknologi Informasi Dan Elektronika 8, no. 2 (December 30, 2023): 67. https://doi.org/10.32897/infotronik.2023.8.2.2062.

Njatrijani, Rinitami. “Kearifan Lokal Dalam Perspektif Budaya Kota Semarang.” Gema Keadilan 5, no. 1 (October 1, 2018): 16–31. https://doi.org/10.14710/gk.2018.3580.

Panjaitan, Hulman. “Undang Undang Nomor 28 Tahun 2014 Tentang Hak Cipta Dan Perlindungan Hukum Bagi Pencipta Karya Cipta Musik Dan Lagu.” To-Ra 5, no. 1 (May 13, 2019): 19. https://doi.org/10.33541/tora.v5i1.1193.

Pemerintah Republik Indonesia. “Inilah PP 56/2021 Tentang Pengelolaan Royalti Hak Cipta Lagu Dan Musik.” Jakarta, 2021.

———. “Undang-Undang Nomor 28 Tahun 2014 Tentang Hak Cipta.” Jakarta, 2014.

Ramadhan, Nur Azis. “Ramai Kafe Tanpa Musik Karena Isu Royalti, Ternyata Begini Datanya.” GoodStats, 2025. https://goodstats.id/article/publik-ramai-soal-royalti-musik-ternyata-begini-datanya-zvmVU.

Rustianto, Maulana Yusuf, Ariani Yestati, and Ivans Januardy. “Legal Review of Government Regulation No. 56 of 2021 Concerning Management of Copyright Royalties for Songs and/or Music for Broadcasting of Songs on Radio.” Journal of Law, Politic and Humanities 5, no. 6 (August 14, 2025): 4400–4405. https://doi.org/10.38035/jlph.v5i6.2079.

Saputra, Egi Reksa, Fahmi Fahmi, and Yusuf Daeng. “Mekanisme Pembayaran Royalti Untuk Kepentingan Komersial Berdasarkan Undang-Undang Nomor 28 Tahun 2014 Tentang Hak Cipta.” Jurnal Pendidikan Tambusai 6, no. 3 (July 2, 2022): 13658–378. https://doi.org/10.31004/jptam.v6i3.4490.

Suhaeruddin, Uha. “Hak Kekayaan Intelektual Dalam Era Digital: Tantangan Hukum Dan Etika Dalam Perlindungan Karya Kreatif Dan Inovas.” Jurnal Hukum Indonesia 3, no. 3 (July 12, 2024): 122–28. https://doi.org/10.58344/jhi.v3i3.888.

Sukawati Lanang P. Perbawa, Ni Made Novi Pusparini. “Tinjauan Yuridis Peraturan Presiden Nomor 51 Tahun 2014 Terkait Pengaturan Teluk Benoa Yang Aspiratif.” Jurnal Hukum Mahasiswa 1, no. 1 (April 1, 2021): 129–42. https://doi.org/10.36733/jhm.v1i1.2582.

Sunaryo, Euis, Fokky Fuad Wasitaatmaja, and Aris Machmud. “Perlindungan Hak Kekayaan Intelektual Batik Tirta Suci Dalam Perspektif Hukum Positif Dan Hukum Islam.” Tasyri’ : Journal of Islamic Law 4, no. 2 (July 25, 2025): 1023–52. https://doi.org/10.53038/tsyr.v4i2.385.

Wijayanti, Sri, Zeti Nofita Sari, Safrin Salam, and Arif Ananda Firdaus. “Norm Clash in Lex Superior Derogate Legi Inferiori Principle’s Implementation on Circular Letters and Laws.” Reformasi Hukum 28, no. 3 (December 31, 2024): 234–50. https://doi.org/10.46257/jrh.v28i3.732.

Downloads

Published

10/03/2025

Issue

Vol. 13 No. 2 (2025): PERAHU (PENERANGAN HUKUM) : Jurnal Ilmu Hukum (IN PROGRESS)

Section

Artikel

Citation Check

License

Copyright (c) 2025 PERAHU (PENERANGAN HUKUM) : JURNAL ILMU HUKUM

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.