RESPON FISIOLOGIS DAN PERTUMBUHAN KEDELAI TERHADAP KOMBINASI AMELIORAN DAN NPK PADA LAHAN SULFAT MASAM JENUH AIR
Keywords:
amelioran, budidaya jenuh air, kedelai, lahan sulfat masam, pupuk NPKAbstract
Lahan sulfat masam merupakan lahan suboptimal yang berpotensi dikembangkan untuk budidaya kedelai, namun dibatasi oleh kemasaman tanah, toksisitas aluminium, serta rendahnya ketersediaan hara. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh kombinasi amelioran dan komposisi pupuk NPK terhadap pertumbuhan dan respons fisiologis tanaman kedelai pada sistem budidaya jenuh air. Penelitian dilaksanakan di lahan sulfat masam tipe luapan C menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok lengkap faktorial dengan dua faktor, yaitu amelioran (pupuk kandang ayam dan kombinasi dolomit) dan komposisi pupuk NPK. Variabel pengamatan meliputi jumlah daun, luas daun, indeks luas daun, laju asimilasi bersih, laju pertumbuhan tanaman, dan rasio luas daun. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kombinasi pupuk kandang dan dolomit meningkatkan perkembangan tajuk serta efisiensi fisiologis tanaman melalui peningkatan luas daun, indeks luas daun, laju asimilasi bersih, dan laju pertumbuhan tanaman. Komposisi pupuk NPK yang seimbang menghasilkan pertumbuhan vegetatif dan stabilitas fisiologis yang lebih baik dibandingkan komposisi hara yang tidak proporsional. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa sinergi amelioran dan keseimbangan hara berperan penting dalam meningkatkan efisiensi fotosintesis dan distribusi biomassa tanaman pada lahan sulfat masam dengan sistem jenuh air. Hasil penelitian ini bermanfaat sebagai dasar pengembangan teknologi pengelolaan kesuburan tanah dan strategi pemupukan berimbang untuk meningkatkan produktivitas kedelai pada lahan suboptimal.
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